Conflicts, communal violence and IDPs

The ongoing armed conflict between the Myanmar army and the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), and allies (AA, ABSDF, TNLA), has created a severe humanitarian crisis in Kachin and northern Shan states. Not only has this caused death and destruction for armed groups and local civilians caught in the middle of the conflict zone, but it also threatens peace and security for Myanmar and its neighbors. This has led to substantial increases in poverty, lawlessness and drug production. The direct threats to both positive economic development and democratic reforms resulting from this instability highlight the urgency in finding immediate and long term solutions for resolving this crisis.

Apart from the ongoing conflict in Kachin and northern Shan states, ceasefire agreements that have been signed in all the other armed ethnic areas has seen a major decline in military activities and human rights abuses against civilians. However, The Border Consortium (TBC), formerly known as Thai Burma Border Consortium (TBBC), has reported that the Myanmar army has not withdrawn its troops, nor have they abandoned their outposts along the borderline. Troop rotations and the resupply of military rations to outposts have continued unabated. In northern Karen state and eastern Bago Region, the new reporting mechanisms on the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) troops’ movements - stipulated in the ceasefire agreement - have strengthened the Myanmar Army’s presence in these areas. At the same time, insufficient communication of troop movements have also led to skirmishes between KNLA and government troops, including the BGF. These incidents have also been happening in Shan state.

Non-ceasefire groups:
Armed group
Clashes
Locations
Casualties
Kachin state:
Bhamo, Hpun Pyan Bum, Hpakant-Lonekhin and Lonebon, Mansi, Moenyin, Moekaung, Lajayang, Mankwi, Mongkoe, Momauk, Sinbo, Pangwa, Pangsai, Pajau-Laisin, and Waingmaw
Shan State:

​Nam San Bum mountain, Kutkai, Manton, Nant Hai, Tarmoenye.

Killed

KIO figure June 2011- Oct 2012:

 > 700 KIO soldiers 
5,000 to 10,000 Govt soldiers
Govt figures : 35 Govt soldiers
Injured
190 Govt soldiers (Govt figures)
IDPs
>150,000 in Kachin and northern Shan states (KWAT report)
Infrastructure damage by KIA (Govt. figures)
56 on railroad tracks from Mandalay to Myitkyina
15 on Myitkyina-Sumprabum road
42 on Myitkyina-Bhamo road.
1 electric power grid
1 power plant
 
> 2400 KIA figure
1095 Govt figure

KIA

and allies:

AA

ABSDF

Killed:
 > 100 Govt soldiers
IDPs:
2000 villagers from 15 villages 
Shan State:

​Nam San Bum mountain, Kutkai, Manton, Nant Hai, Tarmoenye.

> 50 TNLA figure

 

TNLA

Killed
113 govt soldiers killed (RCSS Figure)
Injured
129 govt soldiers
Captured

captured 69 assorted weapons   wounded 

71 RCSS figure

(Nov. 2011 - Jan. 2013)

 

Shan State:

Kyaukme, Mawkmai, Mongkeung, Kunheing, Mongnai, Mongpiang, Mongton, Mong Yawng, Tachilek

RCSS / SSA-S
Kayah State:

Mawchi Township

> 10

 

KNPP

Killed
3 govt soldiers, 1 villager
Injured
2 govt soldiers, 2 villagers
1 raid on military base Feb.19, 2012
Kayin State:

Pa'an 

DKBA-5

Kayin State:

Papun, Hlaing Bwe, Beelin Townships

Killed
8 govt soldiers
Injured
2 govt soldiers
6 GVT + BGF attack KNLA shortly after ceasefire in January, 2012 

 

KNU

Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims

 

2 major clashes in June and October 2012 

 

11 Townships in Rakhine state currently under curfew: Buthidaung, Kyaukpyu, Kyauktaw, Maungdaw, Minbya, Mrauk-U, Myebon, Pauktaw, Ramree, Rathedaung and Sittwe

 

Killed
179 
Injured
256 
IDPs
115,000
Infrastructure damage Houses, Temples, School,  Business and Communal Buildings
10600

 

New Ceasefire groups:
Armed group
Clashes
Locations
Casualties
Shan State:

Langhko, Kyauk Mae, Hsipaw, Mong Mit (Mong Ngoe), Monghsu, Kayse, Tangyan

> 40

 

SSPP / SSA-N

​Injured
5 govt soldiers killed (KNPP figures)​
Communal Violence:
Groups
Clashes
Locations
Casualties